|
Riograndenser Hunsrückisch ((ポルトガル語:hunsriqueano riograndense), (英語:Hunsrik, Hunsriker ''or'' Rio Grande Hunsriker)), spoken in parts of Brazil, is a Moselle Franconian variety derived primarily from the Hunsrückisch dialect of the German language. Riograndenser Hunsrückisch developed from the Hunsrückisch dialect when immigrants from the Hunsrück region of Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) settled in southern regions such as Rio Grande do Sul. While primarily based on the Hunsrückisch branch of the German language it has also been greatly influenced by other German dialects such as Pommersch-Platt and Plautdietsch and by Portuguese, the national language of Brazil and, to a lesser extent, by indigenous languages such as Kaingang and Guarani and by immigrant languages such as Italian and Talian. Portuguese expressions and words are commonly imported into Riograndenser Hunsrückisch, particularly in reference to fauna and flora (which are different from that of Germany) and to technological innovations that did not exist when the original immigrants came to Brazil, leading to words like ''Aviong'' for airplane (Portuguese ') instead of , ''Kamiong'' (Pt. ', truck), ''Televisong'' (Pt. '), etc. Daily expressions are often literal translations of Portuguese, such as ''Alles gut?'' (literally "everything good?", modeled after the Portuguese "tudo bem?", instead of the German "''wie geht's?''"). Also common are the use of German suffixes attached to Portuguese words, such as ''Canecache'', "little mug", from Portuguese ''caneca'', "mug", and German diminutive suffix ''chen'' (''che'' in Riograndenser Hunsrückisch); hybrid forms such as ''Schuhloja'', "shoe shop", from German ' and Portuguese ', and Germanized forms of Portuguese verbs: ''lembreere'', "to remember"; ''namoreere'' "to flirt"; ''respondeere'', "to answer" (Portuguese ', ', and '). However, regardless of these borrowings, its grammar and vocabulary are still largely German. Although Riograndenser Hunsrückisch is the most common German dialect in south Brazil, the use of this language—particularly in the last three to four generations—continues to decrease. == Famous speakers == Recent Roman Catholic papal candidate Odilo Scherer〔(BBC BRASIL: ''Aldeira de antepassados alemães torce para Scherer ser papa'' ) March 11, 2013.〕 of Cerro Largo, located in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, like many from his native region grew up with this language, side-by-side with Portuguese, the national language. Roman Catholic Cardinal Cláudio Hummes of Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul (in the ''Altkolonie'' region of the state) grew up speaking Portuguese together with this regional variety of German.〔(''Kardinal Hummes kehrt in den Hunsrück zurück''. Newspaper Rhein-Zeitung: Buch, Hunsrück, 07/05/2012 )〕 According to the famous world model Gisele Bündchen her parents and siblings still speak this Brazilian regional variety of German, although, also according to her, she has forgotten everything herself.〔(www.dw-world.de )〕 During an interview in 2011, renowned Brazilian writer, translator and International Relations professor Aldyr Schlee talked in detail about having been an eyewitness to the repression of the German language in his native state of Rio Grande do Sul during World War II. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Riograndenser Hunsrückisch German」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|